Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis by Aryasri pdf
Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis is one of the best scoring subject in Engineering. In this you will download this Textbook as Pdf format.
Showing posts with label Engineering Text books. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Engineering Text books. Show all posts
Thursday, 1 October 2015
Tuesday, 1 September 2015
computer networks textbook by Andrew S. Tanenbaum pdf download
computer networks textbook by Andrew S. Tanenbaum pdf download
Each of the past three centuries was dominated by a single new technology. The 18th century was the era of the great mechanical systems accompanying the Industrial Revolution. The 19th century was the age of the steam engine. During the 20th century, the key technology was information gathering, processing, and distribution. Among other developments, we saw the installation of worldwide telephone networks, the invention of radio and television, the birth and unprecedented growth of the computer industry, the launching of communication satellites, and, of course, the Internet.
5th EDITION
As a result of rapid technological progress, these areas are rapidly converging in the 21st century and the differences between collecting, transporting, storing, and processing information are quickly disappearing. Organizations with hundreds of offices spread over a wide geographical area routinely expect to be able to examine the current status of even their most remote outpost at the push of a button. As our ability to gather, process, and distribute information grows, the demand for ever more sophisticated information processing grows even faster. Although the computer industry is still young compared to other industries (e.g., automobiles and air transportation), computers have made spectacular progress in a short time. During the first two decades of their existence, computer systems were highly centralized, usually within a single large room. Not infrequently, this room had glass walls, through which visitors could gawk at the great electronic wonder inside. A medium-sized company or university might have had one or two computers, while very large institutions had at most a few dozen. The idea that within forty years vastly more powerful computers smaller than postage stamps would be mass produced by the billions was pure science fiction.
The merging of computers and communications has had a profound influence on the way computer systems are organized. The once-dominant concept of the ‘‘computer center’’ as a room with a large computer to which users bring their work for processing is now totally obsolete (although data centers holding thousands of Internet servers are becoming common). The old model of a single computer serving all of the organization’s computational needs has been replaced by one in which a large number of separate but interconnected computers do the job. These systems are called computer networks. The design and organization of these networks are the subjects of this book.
Sunday, 2 August 2015
Embedded Systems Textbook By Rajkamal Pdf Free Download
Embedded Systems Textbook By Rajkamal Pdf Free Download
An embedded system is a computer that has been built to solve only a few very specific problems and is not easily changed.In contrast, a general-purpose computer can do many different jobs, and can be changed at any time with new programs for new jobs.
An embedded system usually does not look like a computer, often there is no keyboard or monitor or mouse. But like any computer it has a processor and software, input and output. The word embedded means it is built into the system. It is a permanent part in a bigger system.
For example, a controller is embedded in an elevator and tells the motor to move the elevator to different floors based on buttons that are pushed. A decoder is embedded in a satellite television set-top box to read a signal from the dish and send something that a TV understands. Often this type of system must do its work in a specific amount of time. This is called real-time computing. If a set-top box got interrupted to do another task, you would see a bad picture on the TV, for example. A general purpose computer will often have short pauses while it does something else, it is not real-time.
Embedded systems control many of the common devices in use today, from card readers in hotel door locks to many controls in a car. They can be small like an MP3 player or a digital camera, to large systems like traffic lights, airplane controls, or assembly linecontrollers in a factory.
Common features of Embedded Systems
- Embedded systems are designed to do a specific task, unlike general-purpose computers.
- It does not look like a computer - there may not be a full monitor or a keyboard.
- Many embedded systems must be able to do things in real-time - in a short amount of time (almost instantly from a human view).
- Many embedded systems must be very safe and reliable, especially for medical devices or avionics controlling airplanes.
- Starts very quickly. People don't want to wait a minute or two for their car to start or emergency equipment to start.
- It uses a special operating system (or sometimes a very small home-made OS) that helps meet these requirements called a real-time operating system, or RTOS.
- The program instructions written for embedded systems are referred to as firmware, and are stored in read-only memory or flash memory chips. They run with limited computer hardware resources: little memory, small or non-existent keyboard and/or screen.
Saturday, 11 April 2015
Antenna and Wave Propagation ( AWP ) TextBook by Bakshi pdf Free Download
Antenna and Wave Propagation (AWP) Textbook
Introduction:
In wireless communication systems, signals are radiated in space as an electromagnetic wave by using a receiving transmitting antenna and a fraction of this radiated power is intercepted by using a receiving antenna. Thus, an antenna is a device used for radiating or receiver radio waves. An antenna can also be thought of as a transitional structure between free space and a guiding device (such as transmission line or waveguide). Usually antennas are metallic structures, but dielectric antennas are also used now a day. In our discussion we shall consider only metallic antennas. Here we shall restrict our discussion to some very commonly used antenna structures. Some of the most commonly used antenna structures are shown.
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Fundamental of Radiation:
Radiation is the process of emitting energy from a source. Electromagnetic radiation can be at all frequencies except zero (DC), but radiation at various frequencies may take different forms. At relatively lower frequencies it is in the form of electromagnetic waves, in the visible domain the emission is in the form of light and at still higher frequencies it may be in the form of ultra violet or X-ray radiation. The energy associated with the radiation depends on the frequency.
Time varying currents radiate electromagnetic waves. A time varying current generates time varying electric and magnetic fields. When such fields exist, power is generated and propagated. Although, theoretically any structure carrying time varying current can radiate electromagnetic waves, all structures are not equally efficient in doing that. While in many applications we try to reduce the radiation, when radiation is intended, launching of waves into space is accomplished with the aid of specially designed structures called antennas. If the time varying current density established on an antenna structure is unknown, the radiated fields can be calculated without great difficulty. A more difficult problem is determination of current density J on an antenna such that the resultant field will satisfy the required boundary conditions on the antenna surface.
In many practical antenna structures it is often possible to estimate the current distribution with sufficient accuracy to obtain good approximation of radiated fields. However, in order to calculate the impedance properties of an antenna, the current distribution is required to be known with higher accuracy.
As we have mentioned that if the time varying current density J on the antenna is known, the radiated E and H fields can be determined. However, it is often advantageous to compute the radiated fields in an indirect manner, by introducing potential functions. We illustrate the procedure below.
Monday, 21 October 2013
Saturday, 12 October 2013
T.V.ENGINEERING TEXT BOOK BY R.R GULATI
T.V.Engineering Textbook :
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Development of Television
Television* means ‘to see from a distance’. The desire in man to do so has been there for ages.
In the early years of the twentieth century many scientists experimented with the idea of
using selenium photosensitive cells for converting light from pictures into electrical signals
and transmitting them through wires.
The first demonstration of actual television was given by J.L. Baird in UK and C.F.
Jenkins in USA around 1927 by using the technique of mechanical scanning employing rotating
discs. However, the real breakthrough occurred with the invention of the cathode ray tube and
the success of V.K. Zworykin of the USA in perfecting the first camera tube (the iconoscope)
based on the storage principle. By 1930 electromagnetic scanning of both camera and picture
tubes and other ancillary circuits such as for beam deflection, video amplification, etc. were
developed. Though television broadcast started in 1935, world political developments and the
second world war slowed down the progress of television. With the end of the war, television
rapidly grew into a popular medium for dispersion of news and mass entertainment.
Television Systems
At the outset, in the absence of any international standards, three monochrome (i.e. black and
white) systems grew independently. These are the 525 line American, the 625 line European
and the 819 line French systems. This naturally prevents direct exchange of programme between
countries using different television standards. Later, efforts by the all world committee on
radio and television (CCIR) for changing to a common 625 line system by all concerned proved
ineffective and thus all the three systems have apparently come to stay. The inability to change
over to a common system is mainly due to the high cost of replacing both the transmitting
equipment and the millions of receivers already in use. However the UK, where initially a 415
line monochrome system was in use, has changed to the 625 line system with some modification
in the channel bandwidth. In India, where television transmission started in 1959, the 625-B
monochrome system has been adopted.
The three different standards of black and white television have resulted in the
development of three different systems of colour television, respectively compatible with the
three monochrome systems. The original colour system was that adopted by the USA in 1953
on the recommendations of its National Television Systems Committee and hence called the
NTSC system. The other two colour systems–PAL and SECAM are later modifications of the
NTSC system, with minor improvements, to conform to the other two monochrome standards.
EMBEDDED SYSTEMS TEXTBOOK - BY SHIBU Kv Pdf
EMBEDDED SYSTEMS TEXT BOOK BY SHIBU kv PDF
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- CLICK HERE Embedded Systems Textbook By Raj Kamal
- CLICK HERE Antenna and Wave Propagation Textbook
An Embedded System is a combination of computer hardware and software, and perhaps additional mechanical or other parts, designed to perform a specific function. A good example is the microwave oven. Almost every household has one, and tens of millions of them are used everyday, but very few people realize that a processor and software are involved in the preparation of their lunch or dinner.
This is in direct contrast to the personal computer in the family room. It too is comprised of computer hardware and software and mechanical components (disk drives, for example). However, a personal computer is not designed to perform a specific function rather; it is able to do many different things. Many people use the term general-purpose computer to make this distinction clear. As shipped, a general-purpose computer is a blank slate; the manufacturer does not know what the customer will do wish it. One customer may use it for a network file server another may use it exclusively for playing games, and a third may use it to write the next great American novel.
Frequently, an embedded system is a component within some larger system. For example, modern cars and trucks contain many embedded systems. One embedded system controls the anti-lock brakes, other monitors and controls the vehicle’s emissions, and a third displays information on the dashboard. In some cases, these embedded systems are connected by some sort of a communication network, but that is certainly not a requirement.
At the possible risk of confusing you, it is important to point out that a general-purpose computer is itself made up of numerous embedded systems. For example, my computer consists of a keyboard, mouse, video card, modem, hard drive, floppy drive, and sound card-each of which is an embedded system. Each of these devices contains a processor and software and is designed to perform a specific function. For example, the modem is designed to send and receive digital data over analog telephone line. That’s it and all of the other devices can be summarized in a single sentence as well.
If an embedded system is designed well, the existence of the processor and software could be completely unnoticed by the user of the device. Such is the case for a microwave oven, VCR, or alarm clock. In some cases, it would even be possible to build an equivalent device that does not contain the processor and software. This could be done by replacing the combination with a custom integrated circuit that performs the same functions in hardware. However, a lot of flexibility is lost when a design is hard-cooled in this way. It is mush easier, and cheaper, to change a few lines of software than to redesign a piece of custom hardware.
Embedded systems Textbook download
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